August 3, 2023: The Panel on Opportunistic Infections in Children with and Exposed to HIV (the Panel) updated the Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in Children with and Exposed to HIV. Highlights from the updated sections are summarized below: 

Introduction

• Summarized key changes resulting from a rescoping consultation for the Pediatric Opportunistic Infection Guidelines in 2021 to better address the current needs of clinicians caring for children with and exposed to HIV
• Updated the context and description for the use of the previous and new evidence rating systems
• Combined the previous Summary and the Background and Recommendations Rating Scheme sections into a single Introduction section to streamline essential information and consolidate reference tools in one accessible location

Cytomegalovirus

• Added a recommendation to test infants exposed to HIV for congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection due to high rates of CMV transmission among newborns with and exposed to HIV
• Harmonized congenital CMV treatment recommendations for infants with HIV to match those for children without HIV based on American Academy of Pediatrics Red Book guidelines

For a list of recent updates, please see What’s New in the Guidelines. To view or download the guidelines, go to the Pediatric Opportunistic Infection Guidelines section of the Clinicalinfo website. The guidelines tables and recommendations also can be downloaded as separate PDF files.