The following two sections of the Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in Adults and Adolescents with HIV have been updated:

Candidiasis (Mucocutaneous): The Panel updated the text, treatment, pregnancy considerations, references, and treatment table and made the following key changes:

• Added important new information on spontaneous abortion in pregnant women after any exposure to fluconazole (low—even single-dose—or high exposure)
• Added a brief discussion on the gentian violet topical application randomized clinical trial for oral candidiasis and updated the treatment table
• Added a statement indicating that azole resistance can be seen in vulvovaginal candidiasis caused by non-C. albicans species
• Added details for the use of boric acid in azole-refractory C. glabrata vaginitis in the treatment table

Herpes Simplex Virus: The Panel updated references throughout the section and improved the readability of the text. In addition, the Panel made the following key changes:

• Updated information about the seroprevalence of HSV-1 and HSV-2 in the United States
• Addressed HSV-1 as a cause of genital herpes
• Provided additional information about the interpretation of type-specific HSV serologic assays
• Updated information about prevention methods for HSV-2 infection
• Updated information about treatment of acyclovir-resistant HSV infection